Curves are displayed properly in the same plot when depicted by Analyze-it ® ( A) and MedCalc ® ( B) with AUCs of 0.775 and 0.789, respectively. A larger value in ferritin indicates a positive test result (mortality) while a smaller value in lymphocytes indicates a positive test result (mortality). ROC curves depicted by three statistical software for ferritin and lymphocytes which have different direction of association with mortality in patients with COVID-19. Transformation of lymphocytes via multiplying all values by − 1 made the direction of association similar to ferritin and the two curves were displayed properly in the same plot (Fig. One solution to this problem is to change the direction of association of the variable inversely related to mortality via multiplying its values by −1. However, the IBM SPSS Statistics ® displayed the lymphocytes curve below the reference line with misleadingly small AUC of 0.211 (Fig. 2B) with AUCs of 0.775 and 0.789, respectively. ROC curves for ferritin and lymphocytes were displayed properly in the same plot when depicted by Analyze-it ® (Fig. Two biomarkers (ferritin and lymphocytes) were chosen for their diverse direction of association with mortality (a higher value of ferritin is associated with mortality, while a lower value of lymphocytes is associated with mortality). To further clarify this issue to the reader, a dataset on evaluation of biomarkers for predicting in-hospital mortality for the COVID-19 patients (online resource 1) were used to depict ROC curves by three statistical software Analyze-it ® (Analyse-it Software Ltd, Leeds, UK), Medcalc ® (MedCalc Software Ltd, Ostend, Belgium), and IBM SPSS Statistics ®. Using the above formula, the correct AUCs for the duration of hospitalization and duration of symptoms are 0.654 and 0.667, respectively. For procalcitonin, CRP, and FiO 2 a higher value is associated with mortality, while for the duration of hospitalization and duration of symptoms, a lower value is associated with mortality resulting in their misleadingly small AUCs. plotted five ROC curves with inverse direction of association with mortality. Thus, more than one ROC curve in a graph can be displayed only if the direction of association is similar. Unlike other statistical software that give emphasis to ROC analysis (e.g., Analyze-it ® and Medcalc ®), the IBM SPSS statistics ® did not automatically detect the test direction and the user has to choose which direction is positive (Fig. When a smaller test result indicates more positive test, the algorithm simply estimates AUC ( ώ) using the formula ( ώ = 1 – ω.). The IBM SPSS statistics ® ROC algorithm computes AUC ( ω) based on the default assumption that a larger test result indicates more positive test. Besides its robust set of statistical functions, it has a user-friendly interface. Since, there have been countless LTMs typically rotating about once a week.IBM SPSS Statistics ® is one of the most popular statistical analysis software. It did eventually get added in Patch 8.20. Epic also wanted to add a "The Floor is Lava" mode, but couldn't due to the game being more primitive and not as advanced at the time. The first LTM was announced during the 2017 Game Awards where Epic unveiled a trailer for the 50v50 LTM.
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